考虑剩磁作用的中低速磁浮电磁力分析

Electromagnetic Force Analysis of Medium−Low-Speed Maglev Considering Remanence

为了探究悬浮电磁铁剩磁对EMS(electro-magnetic suspension)中低速磁浮列车垂向电磁力的影响,首先,分析了悬浮电磁铁相对磁导率变化规律,并基于等效磁路法建立单电磁铁悬浮模型;其次,根据Jiles-Atherton磁滞理论研究了悬浮电磁铁的极限磁滞回线状态,分析了悬浮电磁铁剩磁的动态作用;最后,通过电磁力台架试验开展垂向电磁力对比验证,并提出了最大化利用电磁效率的措施.研究结果表明:在线圈电流处于0~20 A时,悬浮电磁铁剩磁近似等于常量,垂向电磁力的主要影响因素是线圈电流;在线圈电流处于20~40 A时,悬浮电磁铁达到磁饱和状态,且由于处于极限磁滞状态使得悬浮电磁铁具有最大剩磁作用,最大差值约为1 kN,随着线圈电流进一步增加,悬浮电磁铁相对磁导率的降低使得剩磁作用逐渐减弱.

In order to explore the influence of the electromagnet remanence on the vertical electromagnetic force of EMS medium−low-speed maglev train,firstly,the change rule of the relative permeability of electromagnet is analyzed,and the levitation model of a single electromagnet is established based on the equivalent magnetic circuit method.Secondly,the limit hysteresis loop state of the levitation electromagnet is studied according to the Jiles-Atherton Hysteresis Theory,and the dynamic effect of the electromagnet remanence is analyzed.Finally,the vertical electromagnetic force is verified by the electromagnetic force bench test,and measures to maximize the use of electromagnetic efficiency are proposed.The results show that when the coil current is 0−20 A,the levitation electromagnet remanence is approximately equal to a constant,and the main influence factor of vertical electromagnetic force is the coil current.When the coil current is 20−40 A,the levitation electromagnet reaches the magnetic saturation state,and the levitation electromagnet has the maximum residual magnetism due to the limit hysteresis state,and the maximum difference is about 1 kN.With the further increase of the coil current,the reduction of the relative permeability of levitation electromagnet gradually weakens the remanence effect.