老年人生活方式与认知障碍的相关性研究

Study on the Correlation Between Lifestyle and Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly

目的:探讨老年人生活方式与认知障碍的相关性。方法:选取数据库中符合要求的1301例老年人作为研究对象,提取问卷调查结果和认知功能测试数据,运用Logistic回归探讨睡眠、饮食、运动等与认知功能的相关性。结果:1301例老年人中891例认知功能正常,410例存在认知障碍,两组间睡眠障碍、午休、传统功法、均衡饮食、DHA膳食、饮茶及咖啡等因素存在显著差异。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,睡眠障碍使认知障碍风险增加了1.66倍(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.24-2.22),而饮食偏素或偏荤使认识障碍风险分别增加了1.42倍(OR=1.42,95%CI:1.06-1.91)和2.46倍(OR=2.46,95%CI:1.35-4.48)。传统功法(OR=0.21,95%CI:0.09-0.50)、食用富含DHA食物(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.28-0.78)、饮茶(OR=0.56,95%CI:0.41-0.77)均能显著降低认知障碍的风险。结论:睡眠障碍和饮食偏嗜是认知障碍的主要危险因素,改善生活方式能显著降低认知障碍风险,传统功法养生、富含DHA膳食及饮茶均为行之有效的措施。

Objective:To explore the relationship between lifestyle and cognitive impairment in the elderly.Methods:A total of 1,301 eld⁃erly people in the database were selected as the research objects,and the questionnaire survey results and cognitive function test data were extracted.Logistic regression was used to explore the correlation between sleep,diet,exercise,etc.and cognitive function.Results:Among 1301 elderly patients,891 had normal cognitive function and 410 had cognitive impairment.There were significant differences between the two groups in sleep disorder,napping,traditional exercises,balanced diet,DHA diet,tea and coffee drinking.Multivariate logistic regression showed that sleep disturbance increased the risk of cognitive impairment by 1.66 times(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.24-2.22),while dietary preference for vegetarianism or meat increased the risk of cognitive impairment 1.42 times(OR=1.42,95%CI:1.06-1.91)and 2.46 times(OR=2.46,95%CI:1.35-4.48)respectively.Traditional exercises(OR=0.21,95%CI:0.09-0.50),consumption of DHA⁃rich foods(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.28-0.78),and tea consumption(OR=0.56,95%CI:0.41-0.77)could all significantly reduce the risk of cognitive impairment.Conclusion:Sleep disorders and dietary preferences are the main risk fac⁃tors for cognitive impairment.Improving lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of cognitive impairment.Traditional exercises for life cultivation,DHA⁃rich diets and tea drinking are effective measures.