铜绿山矿中深孔爆破参数优化试验研究

Experimental study on optimization of blasting parametersfor medium-long holes in Tonglushan Mine

铜绿山矿深部开采顶板稳定性变差,采场拉底需跟进锚网支护,为减小作业顶板暴露面积,部分采场底部结构改平底式为堑沟式,上向平行孔改为上向扇形孔。为达到最佳的中深孔爆破效果,在深部采场探矿巷开展了中深孔爆破参数试验研究,以获得适用于现场实际的孔距、排距等爆破参数。基于利文斯顿爆破漏斗理论,先后进行了系列单孔、变孔距同段、斜面台阶爆破漏斗试验。通过试验数据的整理,得到试验条件下的药包最佳埋深0.72 m,孔间距1.6 m,最小抵抗线0.75 m。根据爆破相似律,确定实际中深孔爆破参数为:孔底距2.4 m,排距1.1~1.3 m,将其应用于-545 m中段5516上向扇形中深孔分段嗣后充填采矿法采场开展现场工业试验,取得了良好的爆破效果。

In the deep mining areas of Tonglushan Mine,the stability of the roof has deteriorated,requiring bolt net support in the undercut of the stope.To reduce the exposed area of the working roof,some bottom structures of the stope have been changed from flat bottoms to trench bottoms,and the upward parallel holes have been changed to upward fan-shaped holes.To achieve the best effect of medium-long hole blasting,experimental research on medium-long hole blasting parameters was carried out in the exploration roadway of the deep mining stopes to obtain blasting para-meters such as hole spacing and row spacing applicable to the field conditions.Based on the Livingston blasting funnel theory,a series of tests were conducted,including single-hole tests,variable hole spacing tests in the same section,and inclined step blasting funnel tests.Through the collation of experimental data,the optimal burial depth of the explosive package under the test conditions was determined to be 0.72 m,the hole spacing was 1.6 m,and the minimum resistance line was 0.75 m.According to the blasting similarity law,the actual medium-long hole blasting parameters were determined to be:hole bottom spacing of 2.4 m,and row spacing of 1.1-1.3 m.These parameters were applied to the industrial trial in the mining face of the upper fan-shaped medium-long hole sublevel subsequent filling mining method at-545 m,and good blasting effects were achieved.