光伏相变式冰蓄冷储能箱的设计

The Design of Photovoltaic Phase Change Ice Storage Energy Storage Box

【目的】冰蓄冷技术存在前期投资较多、设备占用空间较大、设计调试较复杂等问题,不便于个人和家庭中的使用。【方法】本研究设计了一种携带式冰蓄冷储能箱,创新研发了冰蓄冷技术逆使用和双蓄电池充放电控制系统。首先,分析了设备的总体设计,包含太阳能发电/储能系统、制冷系统、冰蓄冷系统、智能控制系统四部分;其次,通过比较,相变蓄冷材料选用了可满足冷藏条件的甘露醇和氯化钾的混合物,并使用了可同时检测箱体内温度和湿度的DHT22传感器,实现储能箱智能温控;最后,对系统性能进行了理论分析。【结果】在光照充足时,太阳能板进行发电,并向蓄电池和压缩机供电,在压缩机和蒸发器等器件的作用下,可实现制冷和蓄冰目标;在夜晚或阴雨天,蓄冰槽的冰进行融冰放冷,蓄电池向微型水泵供能,进行冷量传输,满足箱体冷藏需求。【结论】本产品将光伏发电技术与户外制冷箱结合,不需要消耗电网电能,可以有效延长冷藏时间和压缩机使用寿命,拥有可靠性高、节能环保等突出优点,适用于户外野营、边远山区的食物保鲜以及疫苗等医疗卫生用品的冷藏。

[Objective] Ice storage technology has problems such as high initial investment,large equipment space occupation,and complex design and debugging,making it inconvenient for personal and household use.[Method] This study designed a portable ice storage energy box and innovatively developed an ice storage technology reverse use and dual battery charging and discharging control system.Firstly,the overall design of the equipment was analyzed in detail,including four parts:solar power generation/energy storage system,refrigeration system,ice storage system,and intelligent control system.Secondly,by comparison,the phase change cold storage material selects a mixture of Mannitol and Potassium chloride that can meet the refrigeration conditions,and uses a DHT22 sensor that can simultaneously detect the temperature and humidity in the box,so as to realize the intelligent temperature control of the energy storage box.Finally,a theoretical analysis was conducted on the system performance.[Result]When there is sufficient sunlight,the solar panel generates electricity and supplies power to the battery and compressor.Under the action of components such as the compressor and evaporator,the refrigeration and ice storage goals can be achieved.At night or on rainy days,the ice in the ice storage tank is melted and cooled,and the battery supplies energy to the micro water pump for cooling transmission,meeting the refrigeration needs of the box.[Conclusion] This product combines photovoltaic power generation technology with outdoor refrigeration boxes,does not require grid power consumption,can effectively extend refrigeration time and compressor service life,has outstanding advantages such as high reliability,energy conservation and environmental protection,and is suitable for outdoor camping,food preservation in remote mountainous areas,and refrigeration of medical and health supplies such as vaccines.