紧凑型气浮技术在油水分离领域的研究进展

Research Progress of Compact Flotation Technology in Oil-Water Separation Field

随着三次采油技术在油田的广泛应用,采出液含水量高且乳化严重,油田水处理难度大。紧凑型气浮技术是旋流分离技术与气浮技术的耦合,具有处理量大、油水分离效率高等优点,但该技术的现场应用效果普遍未达到预期。文章综述了旋流场中气泡与油滴碰撞、黏附、失稳的微观机理;分析了旋流场对油滴与气泡相互作用过程的影响;总结了3类紧凑型气浮装置的结构特点;指出了目前紧凑型气浮装置实际应用效果未达到预期的一些原因,例如气泡与油滴相互作用机理认识有限、装置关键设计参数未统一、溶气方式不紧凑不高效等;最后对紧凑型气浮技术研究方向进行了展望,以期推动该技术在油气行业的进一步应用。

The high moisture content of produced fluid and the severe emulsification are the direct consequences of the extensive application of tertiary oil recovery technology in oilfield,causing great challenges in oilfield water treatment.Bearing large processing capacity and high oil-water separation efficiency,compact flotation technology is the coupling of swirling flow separation technology and flotation technology,but its field application results universally fail to meet expectations.In this paper,the microscopic mechanisms of collision,adhesion and instability between bubbles and oil droplets in the swirling flow field are reviewed,including the influence of cyclone flow field on the interaction between oil droplets and bubbles,the structural features of three types of compact flotation unit.Some possibilities that the practical application of the compact flotation unit did not meet expectations are put forward,such as limited cognizance of the mechanism of the interaction between bubbles and oil droplets,inconsistent key design parameters of the unit and incompact and inefficient dissolution mode,etc.The prospect of the research on compact flotation conclud the whole paper in anticipation of boosting its further application in the oil and gas industry.