槽形轨井字形组合道岔的设计

Design of Grooved Rail Well⁃shape Combined Turnout

应三亚市有轨电车线路所需研制了槽形轨井字形组合道岔。根据线路设置与行车条件,确定了槽形轨井字形组合道岔的平面布置形式。首先采用有限元方法对比73C1钢轨和105C1钢轨的受力和横向位移进行钢轨选型;然后将既有辙叉结构形式优化为钢轨焊接式辙叉;最后选取仿形断面钢轨,采用熔化极活性气体保护焊工艺焊接后进行了钢轨静弯强度试验。结果表明:无论是受力,还是横向位移,105C1钢轨均优于73C1钢轨,且105C1钢轨重心稳定,开槽位置较自由,焊接性能更好;与既有辙叉相比,采用钢轨焊接式辙叉,焊接接头数量减少1/2,降低了加工成本和开裂风险;采用熔化极活性气体保护焊工艺焊接后钢轨轨头和轨底的静弯强度满足规范要求,且焊接单个接头用时短。槽形轨井字形组合道岔已于2019年在三亚有轨电车示范线上应用,上道4年来线路运营状态良好。

According to the needs of Sanya Tram lines,the grooved rail well-shape combined turnout were developed.Based on the route setting and driving conditions,the plane layout form of the grooved rail well-shape combined turnout were determined.Firstly,the finite element method was used to compare the stress and displacement of 73C1 rail and 105C1 rail for rail selection,and then the existing frog structure was optimized to a rail welded frog.Finally,the profiling section rail was selected and the static bending strength test of the rail was conducted after welding using the melt electrode active gas shielded welding process.The results show that the 105C1 rail is superior to the 73C1 rail in both force and lateral displacement,and the center of gravity of the 105C1 rail is stable,the groove position is more free,and the welding performance is better.Compared with the existing frog,using a rail welded frog reduces the number of welded joints by half,the processing costs and cracking risks.The static bending strength of the rail head and bottom after welding using the melt electrode active gas shielded welding process meets the requirements of the specifications,and the welding time for a single joint is short.The grooved rail well-shape combined turnout has been applied on the Sanya Tram Demonstration Line in 2019,and the line has been in good operation for 4 years.