共轭聚合物材料在光催化领域的研究进展与潜在挑战

Conjugated polymer materials:advances and potential challenges in photocatalysis

通过半导体催化剂将光能转化为化学能是太阳能转化利用的重要方式之一。然而,传统的无机半导体材料其带隙较宽,大部分仅对紫外光有响应。与无机半导体相比,共轭聚合物半导体不仅具有较宽的可见光(占据了太阳光谱的主要能量)吸收范围和较高的吸光系数,而且易于进行分子设计和调控。本文首先综述了共轭聚合物材料的种类及其相应的优异特性;其次,对共轭聚合物材料被作为光催化剂用于废水净化、水裂解析氢和CO_(2)还原三方面的研究进行了总结;最后,对该类材料目前存在的一系列问题进行了探讨并提出了初步的解决方案。

The conversion of light energy into chemical energy by means of semiconductor catalysts is one of the most important ways to convert solar energy for use.However,conventional inorganic semiconductor materials have a wide band gap and most of them only respond to UV light.Compared to inorganic semiconductors,conjugated polymer semiconductors not only have a wider absorption range of visible light(which occupies the major part of the solar spectrum)and a higher absorption coefficient,but are also easy to be molecularly designed and tuned.Firstly,the kinds of conjugated polymer materials and their excellent properties are reviewed.Secondly,the studies on the use of conjugated polymer materials as photocatalysts in wastewater purification,water cracking hydrogen resolution and carbon dioxide reduction are summarized.Finally,a series of problems existing in this kind of materials are discussed and a preliminary solution is proposed.