两次秋季北上台风引发东北地区暴雨的水汽特征

Water vapor characteristics of two northward typhoons heavy rain in Northeast China in autumn

利用ERA50.25°×0.25°高分辨率再分析资料、实况融合降水资料、台风最佳路径数据集、HYSPLIT(Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model)后向轨迹追踪模型等资料,对2019年13号台风“玲玲”和2012年15号台风“布拉万”引发东北地区暴雨的水汽特征进行分析。研究表明:两次台风最大湿层厚度达200 hPa附近,700 hPa以下比湿大于10 g·kg^(-1),高比湿主要集中在850 hPa以下的低层,台风的水汽分布具有明显的非对称结构特征。整层积分水汽通量散度与暴雨落区有一定的对应关系,尤其和降水强度对应。东北地区周边海域的水汽对东北暴雨的水汽供应很关键,源在日本群岛东部的西北太平洋的东南水汽通道是最重要的水汽通道。西南太平洋或阿拉伯海,包括欧拉方法研究发现的孟加拉湾较远距离的水汽输送存在,但是并非是东北台风暴雨的主要贡献者。

By using high resolution reanalysis 0.25°×0.25°ERA5 data,real-time fusion precipitation data,optimum typhoon path datasets,HYSPLIT(Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model)backward trajectory tracking model,the water vapor characteristics of heavy rain in northeast China caused by Typhoon“Lingling”in 2019 and“Bolaven”in 2012 were analyzed.Results show that the maximum wet layer thickness of the two typhoons is up to 200 hPa,the specific humidity below 700 hPa is more than 10 g·kg^(-1),and the high specific humidity is mainly concentrated in the lower layer below 850 hPa.There is a certain correspondence between the integral moisture flux divergence of the whole layer and the rainfall areas,especially the rainfall intensity.The water vapor in the sea area around Northeast China is very important to the water vapor supply of northeast China rainstorm,and the southeast water vapor passage is the most important.The Southwest Pacific or the Arabian Sea,including the Euler s method study of the longer distance water vapor transport found in Bay of Bengal,is not a major contributor to the northeast typhoon rainstorm.