人工智能、中间产品内向化与内需主导型全球价值链

Artificial Intelligence,Intermediate Products Allocation to the Domestic and the Domestic Demand Oriented Global Value Chains

本文基于2007~2021年的ADB-MRIO数据库系统考察了人工智能、中间产品内向化对构建内需主导型全球价值链的影响效应。结果发现:(1)人工智能在引致中间产品内向化的基础上,还能与其共同发挥内需主导型全球价值链构建效应。这一促进效应是通过提高出口中间品质量、延长生产步长以及促进产业集聚的机制实现的;(2)异质性分析发现贸易便利化程度越高,中间产品内向化的价值链构建效应越强。同时对于不同技术密集度的行业,人工智能和中间产品内向化的构建效应亦是显著;(3)拓展分析发现国内服务要素投入能够赋能人工智能发挥“稳链”效应,技术势差能够助推中间产品内向化发挥“建链”效应。本文的研究结论意味着推进智能制造、探索中间产品国产化路径是培育“以我为主”的区域价值链体系的重要支柱。

Based on the ADB-MRIO database from 2007 to 2021,this paper investigates the effects of artificial intelligence and internalization of intermediate products on the construction of domestic demand oriented global value chains.The results show that,firstly,artificial intelligence can promote the degree of internalization of intermediate products.AI and internalization of inter⁃mediate products facilitate the construction of domestic demand oriented global value chains.This promoting effect is achieved through mechanisms that improve the quality of export intermediates,extend production steps and promote industrial agglomeration.Secondly,Further research finds that the higher the degree of trade facilitation,the stronger the value chain construction effect of internalization of intermediate products.At the same time,for industries with different technology intensity,the construction effect of artificial intelligence and internalization of intermediate products is also positive.Finally,the extended analysis shows that the domestic service factors can empower artificial intelligence to play a“stable chain”effect,and the technology gap can promote the internalization of intermediate products and play a“chain building”effect.The conclusion of the article means that promoting intel⁃ligent manufacturing and exploring the localization path of intermediate products is an important pillar for cultivating a“self-cen⁃tered”regional value chain system.