摘要
为比较不同改良剂的烟田应用效果,本研究通过田间试验探究了碱渣、牡蛎粉和石灰3种改良剂对酸性烟田土壤酸度、烤烟产量与品质及经济效益的影响。结果表明,3种改良剂施用均有效提高土壤pH,降低交换性酸和可溶性铝(Al)的含量,提升土壤交换性盐基阳离子含量。碱渣对土壤酸度的改良效果最佳,可使土壤pH提高0.38个单位,交换性酸和可溶性Al含量降低90.9%和39.8%。同时,碱渣处理中土壤交换性Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)含量分别增加了72.8%和91.9%。随着土壤性质的改善,3种改良剂均促进了烤烟的生长,提升了烟叶产量与内在品质。3种改良剂使烟叶产量增加6.0%~9.5%,上等烟比例提高4.0%~16.9%,产值增加11.7%~19.5%,净增收益增加4593.00~9270.30元/hm^(2),其中碱渣的增产增收幅度最大。此外,改良剂的施用优化了烤烟化学成分组成,其中牡蛎粉处理烟叶的品质最佳。总体看,利用碱渣改良酸性烟田具有广泛的应用前景,但在实际应用中,需注意控制碱渣Na和Cl元素含量。
In this paper,the effects of alkaline slag,oyster powder and lime on acid tobacco soil acidity,flue-cured tobacco yield and quality were investigated through field experiments.The results show that all amendments effectively promote soil pH,reduce the contents of exchangeable acidity and soluble Al,and increase soil exchangeable base cations.Alkaline slag has the best effect on soil acidity,which increases soil pH by 0.38 units,decreases exchangeable acid and soluble Al by 90.9%and 39.8%,and increases exchangeable Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)by 72.8%and 91.9%,respectively.With the improvement of soil properties,all three amendments promote the growth of flue-cured tobacco,and increase the yield and intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves.With the application of amendments,the yield of tobacco leaves is increased by 6.0%–9.5%,the proportion of top-grade tobacco leaves is increased by 4.0%–16.9%,the output value is increased by 11.7%–19.5%,and the net increase income is increased by 4593.00–9270.30 yuan/hm^(2).Alkaline slag presents the greatest improvement on tobacco yield and income,which is consistent with its effect on soil acidity.In addition,the application of amendments optimizes the chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaves,and among all the treatments,tobacco leaves treated with oyster powder has the best inherent quality.In conclusion,the use of alkaline slag to improve acid tobacco field presents a broad application prospect,however,more attentions should be paid to controlling Na and Cl contents in alkaline slag in practical application.
作者
闫静
时仁勇
王昌军
李德成
李九玉
徐仁扣
孙光伟
李建平
陈振国
孙敬国
YAN Jing;SHI Renyong;WANG Changjun;LI Decheng;LI Jiuyu;XU Renkou;SUN Guangwei;LI Jianping;CHEN Zhenguo;SUN Jingguo(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Hubei Academy of Tobacco Science,Wuhan 430030,China)
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期612-618,共7页
Soils
基金
中国烟草总公司重点科技项目(110201902005)
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20191103)
国家自然科学基金项目(41907019)资助。
关键词
酸性烟田
碱渣
牡蛎粉
石灰
土壤酸度
烤烟
Acid tobacco field
Alkaline slag
Oyster powder
Lime
Soil acidity
Tobacco