离婚财产协议参照适用情势变更规则:教义诠释、确证与运行

Divorce Property Agreement Refers to the Applicable Rule of Change of Circumstances:Mechanism Judgment,Confirmation and Operation

虽然《中华人民共和国民法典》第464条第2款从宏观层面明确规定了与身份关系有关的协议可参照适用合同编的规则,为离婚财产协议参照适用情势变更规则提供了制度基础,但是,对于“参照适用”技术在此条中的适用问题,仍存在正当性与合理性的争议。基于此,文章从离婚财产协议参照适用情势变更规则的教义诠释入手,澄清“有关身份关系的协议”和“参照适用”的语词意旨与技术原理。随后,考虑到离婚财产协议具有人身和财产的二重属性,故可通过抽象价值的检讨和法律解释方法的运用,确证离婚财产协议可得参照适用情势变更规则的正当性。最后,解构情势变更规则的构成要件和法律效果,方可得出其运行的基本构造和逻辑进路。

Although the second paragraph of Article 464 of the Civil Code clearly stipulates from the macro level that agreements related to identity relations can be applied by reference to the rules of contract,which provides the institutional basis for divorce property agreements to apply the rule of change of circumstances by reference,this article does not answer the question of the legitimacy of the“application by reference”technology and how to apply it in specific practice.Based on this,we can start from the judgment of the mechanism of the divorce property agreement referring to the application of the rule of change of circumstances,and clarify the meaning and technical principle of the terms“agreement concerning status relations”and“reference application”.Subsequently,considering that the divorce property agreement has the dual attributes of person and property,we can confirm the legitimacy of the application of the rule of change of circumstances by reviewing the abstract value and using the method of legal interpretation.Finally,by deconstructing the constitutive elements and legal effects of the rule of situation change,we can get the basic structure and logical route of its operation.