体制改革国家经济社会发展的对比分析

Comparative Analysis on Economic and Social Development of the Countries with System Reforms

和平年代市场机制是经济发展和社会进步的最有效机制,所以从上世纪80年代末开始,原计划经济国家先后进行了市场化改革。通过对比分析东欧波兰、罗马尼亚等休克疗法国家和中国、越南渐进式改革国家在经济发展、民生改善、社会进步等方面的变化,发现两种模式的改革都取得了一定的成绩,但休克疗法会产生短暂的阵痛,民生、民心、社会稳定方面遭受了剧烈的动荡,而渐进式改革的成效更大,过程更平稳,也更可持续。中国经验、中国道路、中国模式逐渐被认可。

The market mechanism in the era of peace is the most effective mechanism for economic development and social progress.Therefore,since the late 1980s,the original countries with planned economies have successively carried out market-oriented reforms.This article compares and analyzes the changes in economic development,livelihood improvement,and social progress among the countries with shock therapy such as Poland and Romania in Eastern Europe,and China and Vietnam with gradual reforms.It is found that the reform of the two models has achieved certain results,but shock therapy can cause short-term troubles,causing severe turbulence in people's well-being,aspiration of the people,and social stability.Gradual reform is more effective,smoother and sustainable.The Chinese experience,Chinese path,and Chinese model are gradually being recognized.