液氮温区二维指向深冷环路热管设计与实验研究

Design and experiment of cryogenic loop heat pipe of two-dimensional pointing at liquid nitrogen zone

空间二维指向机构与红外探测器配合,有利于实现对空间目标大范围的动态追踪、指向、快速定位等功能。将深冷环路热管(CLHP)与二维指向机构耦合,可以大大降低系统机构的复杂程度,实现远距离热传输,提高探测精度和转向灵活性。为此,设计研制了液氮温区二维指向CLHP。对设计流程和部件参数进行了介绍,通过伺服电机驱动实现了俯仰、偏航±90°以上的转动。通过开展热真空实验,研究了不同工作参数对超临界启动和传热极限的影响。结果表明:所设计的系统具有最大13 W的传热能力,适当提高充装压力有利于提高系统的稳定性和传热能力,增大次蒸发器辅助载荷有助于提高最大传热能力。

The cooperation of the two-dimensional pointing mechanism and the infrared detector is conducive to the realization of large-scale dynamic tracking,pointing,and rapid positioning of space targets.Coupling the cryogenic loop heat pipe(CLHP)with the two-dimensional pointing mechanism can greatly reduce system complexity,while achieving long-distance heat transmission,and improving detection accuracy and steering flexibility.A two-dimensional pointing CLHP working at the liquid nitrogen zone is designed and developed.The component parameters are introduced,and a pitch and yaw rotation of more than±90°through the servo motor drive is realized.The thermal vacuum experiment was carried out,examining the effects of different working parameters on the supercritical start and heat transfer limit.The results show that the system designed has a maximum heat transfer capacity of 13 W.Appropriately increasing the filling pressure can help improve the stability and heat transfer capacity of the system,and increasing the auxiliary load of the secondary evaporator can increase the maximum heat transfer ability.