追求教育选择的多元化--英国基础教育学制发展趋势研究

Pursuing Diversity in Educational Choices:Research on the Development of British Basic Education School System

学制是国家教育制度体系的重要组成部分,学制改革事关国家教育发展的方向和未来。英国的学制体系历史悠久,经历了初创与奠基、发展与改革的多个阶段。文章通过梳理英国基础教育学制的演进史,对其初等教育的普及、初等教育与中等教育的衔接、十一年义务教育的实现等方面进行了分析总结;并以英格兰和威尔士地区为代表,对英国现行学制进行了概述,分析阐明了英国学制多元化的教育选择、注重学生能力发展的优势,以及学制的分层结构缺乏灵活性、教育资源失衡的劣势,总结了未来英国学制体系的发展趋势。

As an important part of the national education system,the reform of school system is related to the direction and future of the development of national education.The British school system has a long history and has experienced several stages of start-up,foundation,development and reform.By examining the evolution history,this study analyzes the popularization of primary education,the connection between primary education and secondary education,with the popularization of 11-year compulsory education.It mainly takes England and Wales as the representative,then gives an overview of the current school system in the UK,analyzes the advantages of the British school system with diversified educational choices,focuses on the students’ability,with the disadvantages of the hierarchical structure of the school system,the poor flexibility and the imbalance of educational resources,so as to summarize the trend of the future British school system.