时代·性质·方法:马克思、恩格斯关于城市论述的三维阐释

Time·Nature·Method:Marx and Engels’Three-Dimensional Interpretation of the Discourse on the City

马克思、恩格斯关于城市的论述,是批判资本主义和建构未来社会的一条重要研究进路,构成了马克思主义理论体系中不可或缺的组成部分。通观系列论述,马克思、恩格斯基于对其生活时代城市思想的借鉴和城市社会状况的把握,认识了前资本主义社会城市的产生发展,剖析了资本主义社会城市的本质特征,描绘了未来共产主义社会城市的理想形态,深刻揭示了城市变化发展的客观规律,完整呈现了城市一般特征和阶段特点,这是充分运用马克思主义方法论而形成的科学表达。从时代、性质、方法三个维度,对马克思、恩格斯关于城市论述进行整体性阐释,既能更好地科学把握马克思、恩格斯城市思想,也能更好地推进其与中国城市发展实际和中国优秀城市文化相结合,准确理解中国化时代化的马克思主义城市思想。

Marx and Engels’discourse on the city is an important research approach for criticizing capitalism and constructing the future society and constitutes an indispensable part of the Marxist theoretical system.Based on the urban thought and urban social condition of their life time,Marx and Engels understood the emergence and development of cities in pre-capitalist society,analyzed the essential characteristics of cities in capitalist society,and described the future of cities in communist society.The ideal form profoundly reveals the objective law of urban change and development,and fully presents the general characteristics and stage characteristics of the city.This is a scientific expression fully utilizing the Marxist methodology.This paper presents a holistic interpretation of Marx and Engels’urban theories from the dimensions of time,nature,and method.It not only leads to a better understanding of Marx’s and Engels’urban thoughts,but also promotes its integration with China’s reality and outstanding urban culture so as to achieve an accurate understanding of the Sinicization and modernization of the Marxist urban thought.