日本民族艺术学的学科定位与研究视域——兼论与中国艺术人类学之比较

Discipline Orientations and Research Perspectives of Japanese Ethnographic Arts--A Comparative Study with Chinese Art Anthropology

民族艺术学作为一门交叉学科,在日本学界具有较大影响力。其学科定位在日本高等教育体系中属于以专业教育为主的学科之下高校自设的学科。因研究者学科背景的不同,对民族艺术学的学科定位出现了较为多元的认知。伴随着学术观念的更新,日本学界对“民族艺术”的使用发生了转变,当前,日本学界已很少有人使用这一概念,日本民族艺术学会将学会的名称改为艺术人类学学会,学会所办杂志《民族艺术》的名称改为《民族艺术学会会刊》。就研究视域而言,日本民族艺术学研究一开始就秉持全球化的学术立场,不仅关注本国民间艺术和当代艺术领域的研究,也关注全球范围内不同国家、不同民族的艺术事象。

As an interdisciplinary discipline,ethnographic art exerts great influence on Japanese academic circles.Its position lies in the Japanese system of higher education,and belongs to the field of professional education.Due to the different disciplinary backgrounds of researchers,there is a more diversified understanding of the discipline's position.With the renewal of academic concepts,the use of national art in Japanese academia has changed.Until now,few people in Japanese academia have used the concept of ethnographic art,and the Japanese Ethnographic Art Society has changed its English name to Society of Anthropology of Art,while the Society's Ethnographic Art magazine was renamed into Journal of the Ethnographic Art Society.As far as the research perspective is concerned,the study of Japanese ethnographic art has adhered to a global academic stance from the beginning,focusing not only on the research of local folk art and contemporary art,but also on the artistic events of different countries and peoples around the world.