三维数字模型辅助微创穿针与钢板内固定治疗SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折

Three-dimensional digital model-assisted minimally invasive needle penetration and steel plate internal fixation in treatment of Sanders types Ⅱ and Ⅲcalcaneal fractures

背景:目前,对于SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折患者,常用治疗方式为切开复位内固定术、微创穿针技术,对于两者临床疗效的对比较少且尚缺少高级别临床证据。目的:比较三维数字模型辅助微创穿针与跗骨窦切口入路钢板内固定治疗SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折的疗效。方法:将2021年1月至2022年10月在河北省沧州中西医结合医院骨科治疗的80例SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折患者随机分为对照组40例和观察组40例。对照组给予传统跗骨窦入路手法复位钢板内固定治疗,观察组给予三维数字模型辅助微创交叉穿针固定治疗。记录两组患者手术时间、失血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间,观察两组患者术前和术后12个月Maryland评分、AO-FAS评分、目测类比评分、生活质量评分(SF-36评分)、影像学参数(Böhler角、Gissane角,跟骨长度、宽度、高度)变化,并记录随访过程中并发症发生情况。结果与结论:①观察组手术时间、失血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间均少于对照组(P均<0.05);②两组患者治疗后Maryland评分、AO-FAS评分、SF-36评分和Böhler角、Gissane角、跟骨长度、跟骨高度明显高于治疗前(P均<0.05);目测类比评分、跟骨宽度明显低于治疗前(P均<0.05);③随访12个月,观察组并发症发生率均低于对照组(P均<0.05);④结果表明,应用三维数字模型辅助微创穿针固定疗法治疗SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折可明显改善手术时间、出血量等多项围术期指标,并可减少多种并发症的发生,足踝功能恢复、疼痛症状缓解、提高生活质量方面与传统疗法相当。

BACKGROUND:At present,open reduction and internal fixation and minimally invasive needle aspiration are commonly used in patients with Sanders types II and III calcaneal fractures.However,there is little comparison between the clinical efficacy of the two methods and high-level clinical evidence is still available.OBJECTIVE:To compare the curative effect of Sanders types II and III calcaneal fractures treated by three-dimensional digital model-assisted minimally invasive needle penetration and tarsal sinus incision and manual reduction and internal fixation with steel plate.METHODS:From January 2021 to October 2022,80 patients with Sanders types II and III calcaneal fractures who were treated in the Department of Orthopedics,Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Hebei Province were randomly divided into control group(40 cases)and observation group(40 cases).The control group was treated with manual reduction and internal fixation with steel plate through the traditional tarsal sinus incision,while the observation group was treated with a three-dimensional digital model assisted with minimally invasive needle penetration fixation.The operation time,blood loss,hospitalization time and fracture healing time of the two groups were recorded.The changes in Maryland score,AO-FAS score,pain visual analog scale score,quality of life score(SF-36 score),and imaging parameters(Böhler angle,Gissane angle,calcaneal length,width and height)were observed before and 12 months after operation in the two groups.The complications during the follow-up were recorded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Operation time,blood loss,hospitalization time and fracture healing time in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).(2)The Maryland score,AO-FAS score,SF-36 score,Böhler angle,Gissane angle,calcaneal length and height of the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment(all P<0.05).Visual analog scale score and calcaneal width were significantly lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05).(3)After 12 months of follow-up,the incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(all P<0.05).(4)In conclusion,the treatment of Sanders types II and III calcaneal fractures with three-dimensional digital model-assisted minimally invasive needle penetration fixation can significantly improve the operation time,bleeding volume and other perioperative indicators,and can reduce the occurrence of multiple complications.The recovery of ankle function,relief of pain symptoms,and improvement of quality of life are equivalent to traditional therapy.