全髋关节置换后减重太极步法可改善平衡功能

Body weight support Tai Chi footwork improves balance function after total hip arthroplasty

背景:全髋关节置换后患者大多存在平衡障碍,需要应用多种康复方法来改善,减重太极步法可以作为一种安全有效的平衡训练方法。目的:观察减重太极步法对全髋关节置换后患者平衡功能的影响。方法:招募74例全髋关节置换后患者,随机分为对照组和试验组(n=37)。对照组实施减重步行训练30 min和常规康复训练60 min;试验组实施减重太极步法训练30 min和常规康复训练60 min;两组均每天1次,一周5次,持续12周。于干预前、干预4,8,12周后分别采用Berg平衡量表和动态平衡能力测试来评估平衡功能,Harris评分评估髋关节功能,跌倒风险指数评估跌倒风险。结果与结论:①4个观察指标均显示有显著的时间效应(P<0.001);②Berg平衡量表、Harris评分与跌倒风险指数均具有交互作用(P<0.001),并在干预12周后具有显著的组间差异(P<0.001),且试验组效果优于对照组;③干预12周后动态平衡能力测试的前和左方向评分有交互作用和组别效应(P<0.001),整体、前、左、右方向评分具有显著组别差异(P<0.001);④结果表明,干预12周后,试验组与对照组的平衡功能均有改善,且减重太极步法训练对全髋关节置换后患者的改善效果优于减重步行训练。

BACKGROUND:Most balance disorders after total hip arthroplasty require a variety of rehabilitation methods to improve.Body weight support Tai Chi footwork can be used as a safe and effective balance training method.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of body weight support Tai Chi footwork on the balance function of patients after total hip arthroplasty.METHODS:Totally 74 subjects undergoing total hip arthroplasty were recruited and randomly divided into a control group(n=37)and a trial group(n=37).The control group received 30 minutes of body weight support walking training and 60 minutes of routine rehabilitation training;the trial group received 30 minutes of body weight support Tai Chi footwork training and 60 minutes of routine rehabilitation training,once a day,5 times a week,for 12 consecutive weeks.Before the intervention,4,8,and 12 weeks after intervention,the Berg balance scale and the dynamic balance ability test were used to evaluate the balance function.Harris score was used to evaluate the hip joint function,and the fall risk index was used to evaluate the fall risk.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The four observation indicators all showed significant time effects(P<0.001).(2)Berg balance scale,Harris score and fall risk index all had an interaction effect(P<0.001),and there was a significant inter-group difference after 12 weeks of intervention(P<0.001),and the effect of the trial group was better than that of the control group.(3)After 12 weeks of intervention,there was an interaction and group effect in the scores of the front and left directions of the dynamic balance test(P<0.001),and there were significant group differences in the scores of the overall,front,left and right directions(P<0.001).(4)The results showed that after 12 weeks of intervention,the balance functions of the trial group and the control group were improved,and the improvement effect of body weight support Tai Chi footwork training was better than body weight support walking training on patients after total hip arthroplasty.