油漆物证鉴定技术研究进展

Review of Paint Evidence Analysis

油漆物证是司法鉴定实践中最常见的物证种类,在道路交通事故、入室盗窃等案件中,油漆物证常常是案件调查和法庭审理的重要证据。油漆是一种成分复杂的工业产品,油漆鉴定需要使用显微检验、红外光谱检验和元素分析等多种技术方法,并综合分析各项检验结果以得出鉴定意见。通过对油漆物证检验新技术、常规检验方法的作用、数据的化学计量学析和结果解释等方面的分析,对2016—2022年期间的油漆物证鉴定技术进展进行综述,并对未来发展趋势进行展望,提出研究无损化检验技术、构建高区分率的检验体系、应用人工智能工具和建设基础数据库等发展方向。

Paint evidence is the most common type of trace evidence.In hit-and-run traffic accidents,burglary and other cases,the identification results of paint samples are often the key evidence to connect clues.As an industrial product having complex components,the identification of paint samples needs to use a variety of inspection methods,including microscopic examination,infrared spectrometry and elemental analysis,and analyze these results comprehensively to draw a correct conclusion.The progress of identification technology for paint evidence from 2016 to 2022 was analyzed and summarized from the aspects of new examination methods,systematic inspection methods and distinguishing effect,chemometric analysis,and the interpretation of results.Additionally,future development directions such as studying on non-destructive inspection technology,constructing high discrimination inspection system,applying artificial intelligence tools,and building basic databases were proposed.