牦牛毛角蛋白提取及在改性PVAL复合膜中的应用

Extraction of Yak Hair Keratin and Its Application in Modified PVAL Composite Membrane

使用尿素熔融法将牦牛毛进行溶解,从中提取角蛋白,用流延法制备了聚乙烯醇(PVAL)/角蛋白复合膜,利用角蛋白对PVAL进行增塑。对溶解率与提取率的影响因素进行了探究,并对制备复合膜进行了力学性能、热性能、化学结构方面的表征。结果表明,反应温度165℃,接触时间65min,牦牛毛与尿素用量比例为1∶11条件下,尿素熔融法溶解牦牛毛可达到最高提取率为87.84%;复合膜的力学性能表明,在角蛋白质量分数为10%时,复合膜的拉伸强度达到最高,为44.563MPa,此时复合膜的断裂伸长率为138.892%;角蛋白的加入减弱了PVAL分子间的氢键作用,复合膜中PVAL的熔融温度与玻璃化转变温度都比纯PVAL有所降低,傅里叶变换红外谱图中PVAL的羟基峰也发生了蓝移。制备的PVAL/角蛋白具有良好的力学性能,为生物质资源角蛋白在高分子膜材料的应用提供参考。

The yak hair was dissolved with molten-urea method and keratin was extracted from it.The polyvinyl alcohol(PVAL)/keratin composite membrane was prepared with method of tape-casting,keratin was used to get PVAL plasticized.The factors affecting the solubility and extraction rate were investigated,and the mechanical properties,thermal properties and chemical structure of the composite membrane were characterized.The results show that when the reaction temperature is 165℃,the contact time is 65 min,and the ratio of yak hair to urea is 1∶11,the highest extraction rate of 87.84%can be reached by urea melting method.The mechanical property data of the composite membrane shows that when the content of keratin is 10%,the tensile strength of the composite membrane reaches the highest,44.563 MPa,and the elongation at break of the composite membrane is 138.892%.The addition of keratin weakens the hydrogen bonding between PVAL molecules.The melting temperature and glass tran‐sition temperature of PVAL in the composite film are lower than that of pure PVAL,and the hydroxyl peak of PVAL in the infrared is blue-shifting.The prepared PVAL/keratin has good mechanical properties,providing a reference for the application of biomass resource keratin in polymer membrane materials.