维多利亚建筑在英国的价值重构及其对中国城市更新的启示

VICTORIAN ARCHITECTURE REVALUE IN BRITAIN AND ENLIGHTENMENT TO CURRENT URBAN RENEWAL IN CHINA

英国维多利亚建筑是19世纪工业化与城市化的重要建筑遗产。人们对其价值的认识经历了从全面否定到认同其是英国国家形象一部分的过程。维多利亚建筑自出现以来在建筑学界引发了激烈的争论与严肃的批判。随着20世纪初现代主义的出现并逐渐流行,维多利亚建筑风格遭遇了更严厉的批评。直至20世纪50年代之后,通过维多利亚协会的宣传和引领,大众对维多利亚时期建筑价值的认知才逐渐发生改变。维多利亚协会重构了一套这一时期建筑风格的理论框架、价值评级和保护体系。设计师可以直接参考这些方式、方法,并将其应用于当下中国城市更新过程中的现代历史建筑保护与利用,为中国的城市化进程留下更多关于城市发展与变革的历史印记。

British Victorian architecture was an important architectural heritage of industrialization and urbanization in the 19th century.The recognition process of Victorian architecture experienced negation to being a part of the British national image.Since the emergence of Victorian architecture,it has aroused fierce debate and serious criticism in the field of architecture.With the gradual popularity of modernism in the early 20th century,this style of architecture encountered more severe criticism.Until the 1950s,Victorian Society revalued the theory,rating and protection system frame of architecture in the period.It led the public to change their view of Victorian architecture.Architects can directly refer to these methods and use them into the protection and utilization of modern historical buildings applied in the current urban renewal,to protect more historical imprints of the urban development process in China.