江苏省辣椒地方种质资源的收集与利用

Collection and Utilization of Local Pepper Germplasm Resources in Jiangsu Province

辣椒在江苏已有近300年的种植历史,演化出长灯笼椒、羊角椒等不同类型的地方种质资源。先后3次的全国农作物种质资源征集和收集,在江苏省收集辣椒地方种质资源87份,其中南京早椒得到了高效利用。20世纪70年代,江苏省农业科学院等单位以南京早椒作为母本培育出我国第1个辣椒杂交品种早丰1号;在此之后,多家辣椒育种单位对南京早椒进行创新改良,培育出苏椒、江蔬、赣丰、昌蔬等多个品牌的辣椒杂交品种,推进了我国辣椒杂交品种的更新换代。

Pepper has been cultivated in Jiangsu for nearly 300 years and has extented different types of local germplasm resources,such as long lantern shaped pepper,horn shaped pepper,etc.During 3 times national crop germplasm resources solicitation and collection,there were 87 accessions local pepper germplasm resources were collected in Jiangsu Province,of which‘Nanjingzaojiao’has been used efficiently.In the 1970s,Jiangsu Province bred the first hybrid pepper‘Zaofeng No.1’in China taking‘Nanjingzaojiao’as female parent.Aafterwards,many pepper breeding units conducted innovative improvement on‘Nanjingzaojiao’,and succeeded in breeding several pepper hybrid varieties,including Sujiao,Jiangshu,Ganfeng,Changshu,etc.Thus,upgrading of hybrid pepper varieties in China has been advanced.