氮素形态配比对设施基质栽培番茄产量及品质的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Form Ratio on Yield and Quality of Facility Tomato with Substrate Culture

采用槽栽方式,以罗拉为试材,设置10个硝态氮、铵态氮、酰胺态氮配比处理,研究不同氮素形态配比对设施基质栽培番茄叶片酶活性、果实品质、产量及氮素农学效率的影响。结果表明:除T5处理外,各氮素形态配比处理的番茄叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性均高于对照,T1处理NR活性最高为53.26μg·h^(-1)·g^(-1),比对照提高了23.48%。适宜氮素形态配比可以改善番茄果实品质,提高产量及氮素农学效率,其中产量以T5处理最高,达197151.90 kg·hm^(-2),比对照增产25.23%。综合考虑各指标,本试验条件下T5处理,即硝态氮∶铵态氮∶酰胺态氮为1∶3∶5表现较佳,番茄产量最高,果实品质较好。

Taking‘Luola’as test material and adopting trough planting cultivation method,this experiment set up 10 matching treatments of nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen and amide nitrogen to study the effects of different nitrogen form ratios on tomato leaf enzyme activity,fruit quality,yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency under substrate cultivation.The results showed that the activities of nitrate reductase(NR)and glutamine synthetase(GS)in tomato leaf blades of all nitrogen forms proportioned treatment were higher than that of the contrasts.The highest NR activity under T1 was 53.26μg·h^(-1)·g^(-1),which was 23.48%higher than that of the contrast.The suitable nitrogen form ratio could improve tomato fruit quality,increase yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency.The yield under T5 was the highest for 197151.90 kg·hm^(-2),having increased 25.23%than that of the contrast.Considering all indicators comprehensively,under this experiment condition T5(nitrate nitrogen∶ammonium nitrogen∶amide nitrogen=1∶3∶5)performed better,with the highest tomato yield and better fruit quality.