论国际商事诉讼的仲裁化——兼评我国《民事诉讼法》涉外编修改

The Arbitralization of International Commercial Litigation:Reviewing the Revision of Foreign-related Section in China's Civil Procedure Law

近年来,随着商事解纷法律服务国际化与便利化竞争的加剧,以国际商事法庭(院)为代表的国际商事诉讼普遍出现了协议选择管辖、任意性程序规则、法官选任及一审终局等仲裁化变革趋势。国际商事诉讼与商事仲裁在程序形式上的相互借鉴与交互融合,实质上揭示了当事人自治权与司法职权之间的内在博弈与制度配比。由于涉外商事诉讼具有国内和国际双重司法属性及内引外联的牵引作用,国际商事诉讼仲裁化无疑会撬动商事诉讼国际化、专业化和自由化导向的司法创新。为改进我国《民事诉讼法》涉外编过于传统和僵化的诉讼程序规则,统筹推进国内与涉外司法质效功能创新,我国应当对商事诉讼当事人程序自治权与司法职权进行合理平衡和适配,以开创和引领国际商事解纷法律服务与跨国司法竞争新局面。

With the intensification of internationalization and facilitation of competition in commercial dispute resolution legal services,the international commercial litigation represented by the international commercial courts has a general trend of arbitration in recent years,such as the selection of jurisdiction by agreement,arbitrary procedural rules,selection of judges and the final outcome of first try.The mutual learning and interactive integration of international commercial litigation and commercial arbitration in procedural forms essentially reveals the internal game and institutional matching between the parties􀆶autonomy and judicial authority.Due to the dual judicial attributes of foreign commercial litigation at home and abroad and the leading role of internal and external,the arbitration of international commercial litigation will undoubtedly leverage the judicial innovation of internationalization,specialization and liberalization of commercial litigation.In order to improve the overly traditional and rigid procedural rules in the foreign-related section of China's Civil Procedure Law and promote the functional innovation of domestic and foreign-related judicial quality and efficiency under the background of great changes,China should reasonably balance and adapt the procedural autonomy of commercial litigants and judicial powers,so as to create and lead a new situation of international commercial dispute resolution legal services and transnational judicial competition.