磁共振成像在针灸治疗脑卒中脑变化研究的应用

Application of fMRI in Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment of Cerebral Stroke

脑卒中(中风)是一种急性脑血管疾病,具有高致死、致残率的特点,给人类社会造成了较大的负担。针刺作为一种凸显中医特色与优势的疗法,其绿色、安全同时可以促进神经可塑性,在脑卒中后神经恢复的治疗中得到广泛应用并且具有较好的临床疗效,然而脑卒中后针灸治疗的机制尚未阐明。静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)技术具有无创、安全、高时空分辨率的优点,已广泛应用于各种神经、精神疾病的研究。通过运用该技术,针刺的脑效应机制研究也步入可视化阶段。随着rs-fMRI技术的逐步成熟,rs-fMRI技术数据处理方法也在不断变革。rs-fMRI数据处理方法从功能分化和功能整合2个角度研究大脑活动,前者强调单个静息态功能磁共振信号的特点,如通过局域一致性、低频振幅等方法;后者则研究多个静息态功能磁共振时间序列信号之间的相互作用,主要包括种子点相关分析、独立成分分析等方法。近年来针灸治疗脑卒中的静息态功能磁共振数据处理方法研究进展做一个概述。

Cerebral stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease characterized by high mortality and disability rates,imposing a significant burden on human society.Acupuncture,as a therapy that highlights the characteristics and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),is green,safe,and can promote neural plasticity.It has been widely used in the treatment of post-stroke neurorehabilitation with good clinical efficacy.However,the mechanism of acupuncture treatment for post-stroke recovery is not yet fully understood.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)is a non-invasive and safe imaging technique with high spatiotemporal resolution and has been widely used in the study of various neurological and psychiatric disorders.Through the application of this technique,the brain mechanisms underlying the effects of acupuncture have entered the visualized stage.With the gradual maturity of rs-fMRI technology,the data processing methods for rs-fMRI are also continuously evolving.The data processing methods for rs-fMRI study brain activity from two perspectives:functional segregation and functional integration.The former emphasizes the characteristics of individual rs-fMRI signals,such as local coherence and low-frequency amplitude.The latter investigates the interactions among multiple rs-fMRI time series signals,mainly including seed-based correlation analysis and independent component analysis.This article reviewed the research advances in the data processing methods of rs-fMRI for acupuncture treatment of stroke in recent years.