从常见脑病论述中西医角度下的脑-肠轴机制

Brain-gut Axis Mechanisms from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine From Common Brain Diseases

脑-肠轴是近年来发现的肠道与中枢之间双向的信息交流通路,由神经、内分泌、免疫等多种途径介导,通过这些途径,肠道微生物可以直接或间接影响大脑的功能活动,中枢神经也可以调控胃肠道的功能以及肠道微生物。对于中医理论而言,脑-肠轴是一种基于脏象学说的脏腑联系,对应的脏腑联系较为宽泛、抽象,包括脑与胃肠、肝脾、肾,故而可用补脾益肾、疏肝健脾、调肠治神等治法辨证论治相关脑病。脑病学是中医内科学的一个重要分支,其基本涵盖了脑卒中、癫痫、抑郁症、帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病等常见病症,现将从这几种常见的脑病出发,分别论述在中西医维度下对应的“脑-肠轴”机制,以期为脑病的中西医结合新技术以及新方法的构思提供参考,提高脑病的临床疗效。

The brain-gut axis is a bidirectional communication pathway between the gut and the central nervous system that has been discovered in recent years.It is mediated by various pathways,including neural,endocrine,and immune pathw ays.Through these pathways,the gut microbiota can directly or indirectly influence brain function,and the central nervous system can also regulate the function of the gastroi ntestinal tract and gut microbiota.From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory,the brain-gut axis is a visceral connection based on the theory of visceral manifestation.The corresponding visceral connections are broad and abstract,incuding the brain with the stomach,liver-spleen,and kidneys.Therefore,TCM treatment principles such as tonifying the spleen,nourishing the kidneys,regulating the liver,strengthening the spleen,and regulating the intestines to treat the mind can be applied to related brain diseases.Encephalopathy is an important branch of internal medicine in TCM,and it covers common diseases such as stroke,epilepsy,depression,Parkinson's disease,and Alzheimer's disease.This article discussed the brain-gut axis”mechanisms corresponding to these common brain diseases from the perspectives of TCM and western medicine,aiming to provide references for the integration of new technologies and methods in the treatment of brain diseases and improve clinical efficacy.