可引起注射痛麻醉药物的研究进展

Research progress of narcotic drugs that can cause pain by injection

应用麻醉药物主要是希望在手术前消除病人的紧张情绪,达到术前及术中镇静、镇痛、肌松的目的,为病人提供安全、无痛、舒适的治疗。但在临床应用中发现某几种麻醉药物在行麻醉诱导时会产生注射痛,给病人带来不愉快的体验。目前已有多种方法被证实可以用来减轻注射痛,包括药物和非药物方法。本文回顾总结了可引起注射痛麻醉药物的种类、致痛机制以及可减轻注射痛的药物及非药物方法,并重点介绍了丙泊酚注射痛的发生机制以及对乙酰氨基酚的镇痛机制。

The application of anesthetic drugs is mainly to eliminate the tension of patients before surgery,to achieve the purpose of sedation,analgesia and muscle relaxation before and during surgery,and to provide patients with safe,painless and comfortable treatment.However,in clinical application,it has been found that some anesthetic drugs will produce injection pain during anesthesia induction,which will bring unpleasant experience to patients.Several methods have been proven to reduce injection pain,both drug and non-drug.In this paper,the types of anesthetic drugs that can cause injection pain,the mechanism of pain causing and the drug and non-drug methods that can alleviate injection pain are reviewed,and the mechanism of propofol injection pain and the analgesic mechanism of acetaminophen are mainly introduced.