高雄激素和胰岛素抵抗对多囊卵巢综合征孕妇胎盘病理影响的研究进展

Research progress in effects of hyperandrogenin and insulin resistance on placental pathology of polycystic ovary syndrome

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是育龄期女性常见的内分泌疾病,可影响患者的生殖、代谢等。胎盘是影响妊娠和分娩结局及子代发育状况的关键介质,PCOS患者产前高雄激素和胰岛素抵抗所致糖脂代谢异常引起的胎盘结构和功能异常,可能是其子代出现低体质量出生儿、巨大儿甚至成年后发生内分泌及代谢系统疾病的主要原因。本文综述高雄激素和胰岛素抵抗对PCOS患者胎盘的病理影响,总结PCOS相关胎盘功能障碍的研究现状,探讨PCOS患者妊娠期胎盘结构和功能异常的原因及相应胎盘病理学特征,以期为预防PCOS相关妊娠并发症以及PCOS患者子代相关疾病的发生提供参考依据。

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is the most common endocrine disease in women of childbearing age,affecting women′s reproduction,metabolism and other aspect of patients.The placenta is a key medium that affects the outcome of pregnancy and childbirth and the development of the offspring.The abnormal placental structure and function caused by prenatal hyperandrogenism and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism environment may be the main reason for the low birth weight,macrosomia,and even endocrine and metabolic system diseases after adulthood in the offspring of PCOS.This article reviewed the pathological effects of hyperandrogenin and insulin resistance on the placenta of PCOS,summarized the research results of PCOS related placental dysfunction,explored the causes of placental structure and function abnormalities in PCOS pregnancy and the corresponding placental pathological characteristics,so as to provide a reference for targeted treatment to prevent PCOS related pregnancy complications and PCOS related diseases in the offspring.