城市地质环境问题分析与评价——以山东省聊城市为例

Analysis and evaluation of urban geological environment problems:take Liaocheng city,Shandong province as an example

本文基于聊城市不同精度的基础地质、水工环地质资料以及InSAR解译成果等数据,对聊城市中心城区目前存在的地面沉降、土壤盐渍化、水土污染等环境地质问题进行了分级评价,并分析了环境地质问题的发育特征与分布范围。结果表明:聊城市中心城区2008—2018年的地面沉降比较均匀,没有明显的沉降漏斗中心,2016年以来,地面沉降速率逐渐变缓,地面沉降发育程度逐渐从中等发育转变为弱发育;研究区大部分土壤处于未盐渍化状态,土壤盐渍化现象基本消失;研究区郊区地下水污染程度很轻,城区及附近浅层地下水污染较重,主要受三氮和半挥发性有机指标苯并[a]芘等指标影响;研究区良好级水(Ⅱ、Ⅲ类)、较差级水(Ⅳ类)和极差级水(Ⅴ类)分别约占全区总面积的0.6%、53.4%和46%,部分水样硝酸根、Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)等单项指标达到Ⅴ类或Ⅳ类;研究区广泛分布易液化砂土,但对建筑未造成危害。本次研究成果可为聊城市规划建设和可持续性发展提供地质依据和技术支撑。

Based on the data of basic geology,hydro-engineering-environment geological data and InSAR interpretation results of Liaocheng with different precision,this paper graded the existing environmental geological problems,such as land subsidence,soil salinization,water and soil pollution in central city area of Liaocheng,and analyzed the development characteristics and distribution range of environmental geological problems.The results show that:the land subsidence in the central city of Liaocheng from 2008 to 2018 was relatively uniform,with no obvious settlement funnel center.Since 2016,the land subsidence rate gradually slowed down,and the development degree of land subsidence gradually changed from moderate development to weak development;most of the soil in the study area was in a state of unsalinization,and the soil salinization phenomenon basically disappeared;The groundwater pollution in the suburbs of the study area is very light,and the shallow groundwater pollution in the urban and nearby areas is heavy,which is mainly affected by three nitrogen and semi-volatile organic indicators benzo[a]pyrene;Good grade water(class II,class III),poor grade water(classⅣ)and extreme poor grade water(class V)accounted for about 0.6%,53.4%and 46%of the total area,respectively,some water sample nitrate,Cl^(-),SO_(4)^(2-)single index to class V or classⅣ;The liquefiable sand soil was widely distributed in the study area,but there was no damage to the buildings.The results can provide the geological basis and technical support for urban planning,construction and sustainable development of Liaocheng city.