儿童病毒性脑炎早期诊断中脑电图的应用价值分析

Analysis of the Value of Electroencephalogram in the Early Diagnosis of Viral Encephalitis in Children

目的:研究对于病毒性脑炎患儿应用脑电图进行早期诊断的价值。方法:于本院疑似病毒性脑炎患儿中随机抽取78例,均进行脑电图、CT以及MRI检查,对比三种检查结果检出率,对比最终确诊结果回顾性分析脑电图检出敏感度、特异度以及准确率。结果:在本组78例疑似患者中,检出74例患者活动背景节律变慢,其中9例患者存在局灶性或者弥漫性曼波背景。患者出现局灶性θ波,至少一侧半球受累,在颞区和额区最明显。脑电图检出符合率,特异度,敏感度和最终确诊结果对比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。轻型病毒性脑炎患者中,CT检出16例,MRI检出18例,脑电图检出25例;中型病毒性脑炎患者中,CT检出21例,MRI检出22例,脑电图检出28例;重型病毒性脑炎患者中,CT检出14例,MRI检出15例,脑电图检出20例。脑电图检出率显著高于CT和MRI检出情况(P<0.05)。结论:对于病毒性脑炎患儿采取脑电图进行早期诊断具有一定优势,脑电图操作简便,可以重复进行,安全性高,能够直接反馈儿童脑功能情况,相比于CT和MRI检查方式检出率更高,敏感度和特异度均较高,符合临床需求。

Objective:To study the value of electroencephalography(EEG)in early diagnosis of viral encephalitis in children.Methods:78 randomly selected children with suspected viral encephalitis in our hospital underwent EEG,CT,and MRI examinations.The detection rates of the three examinations were compared,and the final diagnostic results were compared.The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of EEG detection were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 78 suspected patients in this group,74 patients were detected to have a slower background rhythm of activity,and 9 of them had a focal or diffuse background of Manbo.The patient has focal lesionsθwave,at least one hemisphere involved,is most prominent in the temporal and frontal regions.There was no statistically significant difference in the coincidence rate,specificity,sensitivity,and final diagnosis results of EEG detection(P>0.05).Of the patients with mild viral encephalitis,16 were detected by CT,18 by MRI,and 25 by EEG;Among patients with moderate viral encephalitis,21 cases were detected by CT,22 cases by MRI,and 28 cases by EEG;Of the patients with severe viral encephalitis,14 were detected by CT,15 by MRI,and 20 by EEG.The detection rate of EEG was significantly higher than that of CT and MRI(P<0.05).Conclusion:Using EEG for early diagnosis of viral encephalitis in children has certain advantages.EEG is easy to operate,can be repeated,and has high safety.It can provide direct feedback on children’s brain function.Compared with CT and MRI,it has a higher detection rate,higher sensitivity,and specificity,meeting clinical needs.