村规民约如何助推乡村治理?——基于功能演化与动力机制的分析

How Do Village Rules and Regulations Promote Rural Governance?——Basing on the Analysis of Function Evolution and Stimulating Mechanism

社会变迁对农村社会治理方式创新提出了新的要求,科学合理的治理工具可以为提高乡村治理能力提供支持。在治理现代化背景下,需要推动村规民约在法治、自治、德治等具体领域的功能演化,以此复兴、重塑和优化村规民约,推动传统村规民约在当代社会的时代性转变和创新性发展。作为一种族群性文化象征符号的村规民约在乡村治理中具有多重功能,如增强社会资本、促进社区自治、传播价值观念等。村规民约通过强化耦合式演进机制、内源性塑造机制和均衡性治理机制,能有效推进“三治融合”治理体系制度化实践、推动“三农”政策在基层自主落实、促进国家治理与村民自治动态协调。为了提高村规民约助推乡村治理的效能,应从整体规划、功能拓展和机制调试方面,完善村规民约制度顶层设计,构建发展型村规民约体系,以赋权推动多元参与格局的构建。

Social changes put forward new requirements for the innovation of rural social governance.Scientific and reasonable governance tools can provide support for improving rural governance ability.In the context of governance modernization,it is necessary to promote the functional evolution of village rules and regulations in specific fields such as rule of law,autonomy and rule of virtue,so as to revive,reshape and optimize village rules and regulations,and promote the transformation and innovative development of traditional village rules and regulations in contemporary society.As a symbol of ethnic group culture,village rules and regulations have multiple functions in rural governance,such as enhancing social capital,promoting community autonomy,and disseminating values.By strengthening the coupling evolution mechanism,endogenous shaping mechanism and balanced governance mechanism,village rules and regulations can effectively promote the institutionalized practice of the“three governance integration”governance system,promote the independent implementation of the“three rural”policies at the grass-roots level,and promote the dynamic coordination between national governance and villagers’autonomy.In order to improve the efficiency of village rules and regulations to promote rural governance,from the aspects of overall planning,function expansion and mechanism debugging,the current paper puts forward the development path of perfecting the top-level design of village rules and regulations system,constructing a development-type village rules and regulations system,and promoting the pattern of multiple participation with empowerment.