间充质干细胞外泌体治疗急性肺损伤的新思路和新策略

Exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells for acute lung injury:new ideas and strategies

急性肺损伤(ALI)是临床常见的疾病,以肺泡上皮细胞及毛细血管内皮细胞损伤,弥漫性肺间质及肺泡水肿,急性低氧性呼吸功能不全为特征,发展至终末阶段为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)。间充质干细胞(MSC)对ALI有较好疗效,其释放的外泌体(EXOs)可能在治疗过程中发挥重要作用。外泌体是细胞间通讯的主要载体,在细胞间转运具有生物活性的脂质、核酸及蛋白质,从而改变受体细胞的生物学功能。间充质干细胞来源外泌体(MSC-EXOs)具有抗炎、抗细胞凋亡及促进组织修复及再生等作用,是治疗ALI的新靶点。本文主要对MSC-EXOs在ALI治疗中的应用及其作用机制进行综述,有助于进一步探讨MSC-EXOs治疗ALI的可行性。

Acute lung injury(ALI)is a common clinical disease,characterized by alveolar epithelial cell and capillary endothelial cell injury,diffuse pulmonary interstitial and alveolar edema,and acute hypoxic respiratory insufficiency,which develops to the terminal stage of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)have a good therapeutic effect on ALI,and exosomes(EXOs)released by MSC may play an important role in the treatment process.Exosomes are the main carriers of intercellular communication,which transport biologically active lipids,nucleic acids and proteins between cells,thereby changing the biological function of recipient cells.MSC-derived exosomes(MSC-EXOs)have anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis effects,and can promote tissue repair and regeneration,which are new targets for the treatment of ALI.This article mainly reviews the application and mechanism of MSC-EXOs in the treatment of ALI,which is helpful to further explore the feasibility of MSC-EXOs in the treatment of ALI.