EV-A71疫苗接种预防儿童手足口病的效果评价

Evaluation of the effectiveness of EV-A71 vaccination against Hand,foot and mouth disease in children

目的评价在预防儿童手足口病(Hand-foot-and-mouth disease,HFMD)的过程中EV-A71疫苗接种所获得的效果。方法此次实验研究对象的纳入时间在2019年1月-2022年9月之间,共包括天津市河东区中山门街社区卫生服务中心内自愿接种疫苗的儿童200例,根据随机数字表法将儿童分为实验组(n=100)与对比组(n=100),实验组儿童接种EV-A71疫苗,对比组患者并未接种疫苗,分析比较两组儿童HFMD发生情况、严重程度,并观察实验组儿童疫苗接种后不良反应,以评价EVA71疫苗接种对儿童HFMD的预防效果与接种安全性。结果实验组儿童HFMD发生率相对较低,且发生HFMD儿童的疾病严重程度更为轻微,与对比组儿童相比存在显著统计学差异,P<0.05。实验组儿童中部分在接种EV-A71疫苗后出现了全身与局部表现,但是发生率相对较低,症状较为轻微,无需采取相关措施处理,且可以于3天后自行缓解与消失。结论EV-A71疫苗接种对儿童HFMD有着积极的预防作用,减轻了发生HFMD儿童的病情严重程度,疫苗接种的安全性相对较高,可以积极鼓励更多适龄儿童接种EV-A71疫苗。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of EV-A71 vaccination in the prevention of childhood Hand,foot and mouth disease disease(HFMD).Methods The study subjects were enrolled from January 2019 to September 2022,including 200 children who had been voluntarily vaccinated in the hospital,the children were divided into experimental group(n=100)and control group(n=100)according to the method of random number table.The children in the experimental group were vaccinated with EV-A71 vaccine,while the patients in the control group were not vaccinated,to evaluate the efficacy and safety of EV-A71 vaccine in the prevention of HFMD,the incidence and severity of HFMD were compared between the two groups.Results The results showed that the incidence of HFMD was relatively low in the experimental group,and the severity of HFMD was milder in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).Some of the children in the experimental group developed systemic and local symptoms after EV-A71 vaccination,but the incidence was relatively low and the symptoms were mild,and it can relieve and disappear by itself after 3 days.Conclusion EV-A71 vaccination has a positive preventive effect on HFMD in children,and reduces the severity of HFMD in children.The safety of EV-A71 vaccination is relatively high,the EV-A71 vaccine can be actively encouraged in more adapted children.