理解社区生活时间:基于时空间行为的视角

UNDERSTANDING NEIGHBORHOOD RHYTHM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SPACE-TIME BEHAVIOR

社区生活圈聚焦在居民步行范围内实现公共服务设施的精准化配置,需要关注设施时间安排与居民生活时间的匹配性,响应居民的差异化需求,强调社区生活时间对生活圈构建的意义。本文从时空间行为视角出发,从生活时间节奏、活动持续时间和时空间结构三个方面探讨了社区生活时间研究的特点及其对社区生活圈构建的空间、社会与情感意义;以北京市上地—清河街道的活动日志数据开展实证研究,分析了居民社区活动时间特征及其影响因素。研究发现,研究区居民社区时间利用不足,社区生活时间具有显著的时空分异、活动类型分异和群体分异。社区生活圈规划需要分析生活时间利用特征,把握居民对社区生活圈时空资源的利用程度,应对行为空间与物质空间的时空不匹配问题。

We believe that time rhythm in the neighborhood is related to neighborhood vitality and significantly impacts social interaction and a sense of belonging.This paper explores the spatial,social,and emotional significance of neighborhood time rhythm on the construction of neighborhood living circles from a temporal-spatial behavioral perspective regarding neighborhood vitality,neighborhood belonging,and social interaction.Furthermore,based on the theoretical framework,this paper draws attention to the temporal dimensions of activities in and around neighborhoods.Based on an activity-travel survey in suburban Beijing in 2012,this paper explores residents'activity participation around neighborhoods and its influential factors from a time-geographic perspective.First,it investigates how residents participate in non-work out-of-home activities around neighborhoods,mainly how they conduct these activities during 24 hours.It finds that the overall level of neighborhood activities is relatively low.And there are temporal and spatial differentiation,activity type differentiation,and group differentiation in neighborhood time rhythm.Temporal differentiation is reflected in the change of rhythm of residents'activity time within a day and a week.