文化自觉视域下的公共考古学

Public Archaeology in the Perspective of Cultural Self-A wareness

费孝通先生提出的“文化自觉”理念对于解决民族文化在全球一体化与现代化进程中定位与认知的问题大有裨益。随着学科体系的发展,公共考古学承担了考古学、文化遗产领域内文化自觉的责任,是文化自觉在这些领域内有效的实践行为,旨在解决中国文化的社会化与现代化的问题。考古资源作为文化资源的重要组成部分,实现其公共化和社会化,不仅是学科发展的要求,也是文化遗产保护与文化自觉的内在需求。因此,公共考古学不仅要求国家、科研主体、公众等多方的广泛参与,做好文保顶层设计,而且对文化遗产的阐释提出了更高的要求。只有通过多种形式、多种渠道,应用好国内外多种考古文化资源,将不同的文化进行类比,清晰地勾勒出民族文化的特征,才能达到文化自觉,实现文化自信。

The concept of"cultural self-awareness"proposed by Mr.Fei Xiaotong is valuable in solving the problems of how to position and perceive national culture in the process of global integration and modernization.With the development of the discipline,public archaeology has been taking a leading role in addressing cultural self-awareness in the fields of archaeology and cultural heritage and become an effective practice of cultural self-awareness in these fields,aiming to solve the problems of socialization and modernization of Chinese culture.Archaeological resources are a critical part of cultural resources.Their publicization and socialization are not only a requirement for disciplinary development,but also an essential need for cultural heritage protection and cultural self-awareness.The development of public archaeology requires not only the extensive participation of the state,scientific research units,the public,and other parties to ensure an effective top-level design for cultural heritage protection,but also an effective interpretation of it.Only by utilizing archaeological and cultural resources from both China and abroad in various forms and through multiple channels and making comparisons between cultures to outline the characteristics of our own culture can we achieve cultural self-awareness and cultural confidence.