安徽沿江地区旧石器考古调查新发现的石制品

Stone Artifacts Newly Discovered from the Paleolithic Archaeological Survey in the Area Along the Yangtze River in Anhui

20世纪90年代,安徽省文物考古研究所在地处沿江地区的池州、铜陵、枞阳、庐江、潜山和怀宁等地发现、发掘10余处旧石器地点,获得一批石制品,文化面貌主体属中国南方砾石工业。为了厘清沿江地区旧石器的分布范围与埋藏规律,2020年10—11月和2021年3月,安徽省文物考古研究所在上述区域开展旧石器考古调查,新发现20处地点,获得476件标本。石制品原料以脉石英为主,大部分埋藏于南方第四纪红色风化壳中,与周边地区既往测年结果对比后,推断这些地点的年代可能为晚更新世。石核剥片与石器加工均使用硬锤直接锤击。沿江地区新发现的石制品,整体上属于简单的石核—石片技术体系,既往归纳的“小石器文化”更有可能是受原料尺寸的制约所致。

In the 199Os,the Anhui Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology discovered and excavated more than 10 Paleolithic sites in the cities along the Yangtze River including Chizhou,Tongling,Zongyang,Lujiang,Qianshan,and Huaining.A number of stone artifacts which belong to the Pebble Tool Industry were discovered on the surface.In order to clarify the geographical position and distribution range of stone artifacts,the Anhui Provincial Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics conducted a Paleolithic survey in October-November,2020 and March,2021,which discovered 20 new sites and collected 476 stone artifacts.Most of the artifacts were buried in the red soil,which belongs to Quaternary deposit.Further analyses suggest that these sites may date to the Late Pleistocene,and stone core flaking and lithic processing were mainly done with direct hammering.The stone artifacts newly discovered in the survey are identified as belong to the core-and-flake techno-complex.The previously concluded"small lithic culture"is more likely to be the result of limited available lithic raw materials.