职业技能培训与农民就业质量——来自CRRS的经验证据

Vocational Training and Quality of Rural Migrate Workers:Evidence from CRRS

随着乡村振兴战略的全面实施,农民就业问题受到了广泛关注。市场经济的快速发展为农民就业数量提供了保障,但农民就业质量持续走低问题愈发严峻,值得关注与讨论。采用中国乡村振兴调查相关数据(CRRS 2020),运用倾向得分匹配、中介效应等计量方法对职业技能培训与农民就业质量的关系展开深入讨论。研究发现,职业技能培训能够显著提升农民就业质量,这种促进作用还可以通过提升人力资本效益和社会资本效益两个间接路径实现;工作经验、工作区域等个体特征影响职业技能培训对农民就业质量的促进作用,工作经验欠缺、工作区域发达的农民更容易通过职业技能培训提升其就业质量。研究结论不仅提供了新的理论依据和经验证据,还为“三农”发展的政策制定提供了重要参考。

With the comprehensive implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,the issue of rural migrate workers'employment has received widespread attention.The rapid development of the market economy provides a guarantee for the quantity of rural migrate workers,but the problem of the continuous low quality of these workers has become more and more serious and deserves attention and discussion.Using data from the China Rural Revitalization Survey(CRRS2020),the relationship between vocational training and the quality of rural migrate workers is discussed in depth by adopting propensity score matching and mediating effects.It is found that vocational training can significantly improve the quality of rural migrate employees,and this promotion effect can also be realized through two indirect paths of improving human capital benefits and social capital benefits;Individual's characteristics such as work experiences and work area influence the promotion effect of vocational training on the quality of rural migrate employees,and farmers,who lack work experiences but have a developed work area,are more likely to improve their employment quality through such training.This provides not only a new theoretical basis and empirical evidence for research,but also an important reference for the policy making in the development of"three issues"concerning agriculture,farmers and rural areas.