氟苯尼考及其中间体的合成研究进展

Progress on Synthesis of Florfenicol and Its Key Intermediates

氟苯尼考是一种兽用氯霉素类广谱抗菌药,因抗菌效应强而在世界各国广泛应用。氟苯尼考分子结构中含有2个手性中心,现有合成方法可分为手性拆分法和不对称合成法。手性拆分法的成本相对低廉且已工业化生产;不对称合成法工艺更加环保,符合未来发展趋势,但具有挑战性。文章综述了氟苯尼考的合成方法,详细阐述了其关键中间体D-苏式-对甲砜基苯丝氨酸乙酯的制备方法,并对不同制备方法及氟代工艺的优劣进行了比较。

Florfenicol is a kind of veterinary chloramphenicol broad-spectrum antibacterial drug,which is widely used in countries around the world due to its strong antibacterial ability.Since the molecular structure of florfenicol contains two chiral centers,the existing synthetic methods can be divided into chiral resolution and asymmetric synthesis.Chiral resolution is relatively unexpensive and has been industrialized,while asymmetric synthesis is greener and in line with the future development trend,but it is challenging.In this paper,the synthesis methods of florfenicol and its key intermediates are reviewed.The preparation methods of D-threo-p-methylsulfonylphenylserine ethyl ester,an intermediate of florfenicol,are described in detail,and different preparation methods including fluorination process are compared.