探讨健康教育在儿童糖尿病护理中的应用

Exploring the Application of Health Education in the Care of Children with Diabetes

目的探讨儿童糖尿病护理中健康教育的应用效果。方法选取2019年1月—2021年12月莆田市第一医院收治的68例DM患儿作为研究对象,按照数表法分成两组,每组34例,对照组实施常规护理,研究组实施“常规+健康教育”联合护理模式。对比两组血糖水平、生活质量、糖尿病知识掌握程度与不良发应发生情况。结果研究组空腹血糖水平(6.85±0.31)mmol/L、餐后2 h血糖水平(9.94±0.75)mmol/L、糖化红蛋白水平(6.41±0.22)%均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.79、5.08、10.24,P<0.05)。研究组生理健康(90.52±8.26)分、心理健康(92.33±6.54)分、情感功能(95.34±2.64)分、社会功能(92.37±4.88)分、角色功能(92.25±4.22)分、糖尿病健康知识掌握度(45.28±3.21)分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.71、3.77、6.41、9.07、8.45、8.54,P<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率为2.94%,低于对照组的23.53%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在儿童糖尿病群体护理中,通过开展病理、用药、饮食、运动等方面的健康教育,可提高患儿与家属的糖尿病认知水平,有效控制患儿血糖水平,改善生活质量,预防不良事件产生。

Objective To explore the application effect of health education in the nursing of children with diabetes.Methods 68 children with DM admitted to the First Hospital of Putian City from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups according to the data table,with 34 cases in each group.The control group received routine care,while the study group received a combined nursing model of"routine+health education".Compared the blood glucose levels,quality of life,knowledge of diabetes,and incidence of adverse events between the two groups.Results The fasting blood glucose level(6.85±0.31)mmol/L,2-hour post-prandial blood glucose level(9.94±0.75)mmol/L,and glycated hemoglobin level(6.41±0.22)%in the study group were lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=4.79,5.08,10.24,P<0.05).The scores of physical health(90.52±8.26)points,mental health(92.33±6.54)points,emotional function(95.34±2.64)points,social function(92.37±4.88)points,role function(92.25±4.22)points,and diabetes health knowledge mastery(45.28±3.21)points in the study group were higher than those in the control group,the difference was statisti-cally significant(t=3.71,3.77,6.41,9.07,8.45,8.54,P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was 2.94%,lower than that in the control group´s 23.53%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In the group care of children with DM,health education on pathology,medication,diet and exercise can improve the cognitive level of DM in children and their families,effectively control the blood glucose level of chil-dren,improve the quality of life and prevent the generation of adverse events.