标本溶血对临床生化检验结果的影响及防范措施

Influence of Sample Hemolysis on Clinical Biochemical Test Results and Preventive Measures

目的探讨分析标本溶血对临床生化检验结果的影响及防范措施。方法2020年7月至2021年11月,选取在本院健康体检中心进行健康体检,且体检报告显示身体正常的受检者100例进行研究,100例受检者均可提供知情同意书证明自愿参与研究,且提前预约本院健康体检服务,接受生化检验教育,了解本次研究内容。确定受检者均了解本次研究内容后,于体检当天清晨采集空腹静脉血2份,分别置入真空采血管1及真空采血管2,两份血样均在本院检验科完成临床生化检验,获取11项检验项目的具体数值及阳性率,并进行统计学比较。结果真空采血管1的葡萄糖水平、碱性磷酸酶水平低于真空采血管2(P<0.05);真空采血管1的血钾水平、乳酸脱氢酶水平、天冬氨酸转氨酶水平、丙氨酸转氨酶水平、尿酸水平高于真空采血管2(P<0.05)。真空采血管1的血钾、乳酸脱氢酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、尿酸检出阳性率大于真空采血管2检出阳性率(P<0.05)。结论标本溶血会对临床生化检验结果造成干扰,导致检出指标数值异常,影响医师准确诊断患者疾病,临床需及时制定并落实有效干预措施,提升生化检验准确性。

Objective To explore the influence of sample hemolysis on clinical biochemical test results and preventive measures.Methods From July 2020 to November 2021,100 subjects who underwent physical examination in the health examination center of our hospital and whose physical examination report showed that they were in normal health were selected for the study.All 100 subjects could provide informed consent to voluntarily participate in the study,make an appointment for the health examination service of our hospital in advance,receive biochemical examination education and understand the content of this study.After confirming that the subjects understood the contents of this study,two fasting venous blood samples were collected in the morning of the physical examination day,and vacuum blood collection vessel 1 and vacuum blood collection vessel 2 were placed respectively.The clinical biochemical tests of the two blood samples were completed in the laboratory department of our hospital,and the specific values and positive rates of 11 test items were obtained for statistical comparison.Results The glucose level and alkaline phosphatase level of vacuum blood collection tube 1 were lower than those of vacuum blood collection tube 2(P<0.05).Blood potassium level,lactate dehydrogenase level,aspartate aminotransferase level,alanine aminotransferase level and uric acid level were higher in vacuum blood collection tube 1 than in vacuum blood collection tube 2(P<0.05).The positive rates of serum potassium,lactate dehydrogenase,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase and uric acid in vacuum vessel 1 were significantly higher than those in vacuum vessel 2(P<0.05).Conclusion Sample hemolysis will interfere with the results of clinical biochemical test,lead to the abnormal value of detection indicators,and affect the accurate clinical diagnosis of patients'diseases.It is necessary to formulate and implement effective intervention measures in time to improve the accuracy of biochemical test.