从技术经济视角看重大创新的产生——是基础研究还是市场需求更易催生重大创新?

The Emergence of Radical Innovations from the Perspective of Technology and Economy——Is Fundamental Research or Market Demand More Likely to Lead to Radical Innovation?

重大创新能够颠覆产业发展,被视为竞争力的核心来源。本文通过梳理相应理论与研究,结合实际案例归纳了从基础研究与市场需求出发到实现重大创新的四种路径,并得出基础研究与市场需求都是重大创新过程的必备要素,但基础研究更易催生重大创新的结论。最后通过对比各国R&D经费投入强度与结构发现,基础研究重视不足是发展中国家较少重大创新的原因之一,据此提出相应建议。

Radical innovation can disrupt industrial development and is seen as a core source of competi⁃tiveness.By sorting out the corresponding theory and research,this paper summarizes four paths from basic research and market demand to radical innovation based on actual cases,and draws the conclusion that both ba⁃sic research and market demand are necessary elements in the process of radical innovation,but Basic re⁃search is more likely to lead to radical innovation.Finally,by comparing the intensity and structure of R&D funding in various countries,it is found that insufficient attention to basic research is one of the reasons for less radical innovation in developing countries,and corresponding suggestions are put forward accord⁃ingly.