临街步行空间声环境舒适的视听影响因素研究

Study on Audio-visual Factors Influencing the Environmental Quality of Acoustic Comfort of Pedestrian Streets with Vehicular Roads

噪声污染一直是影响生态文明建设持续推进的顽疾;宜人舒适的街道声环境对城市环境质量和公共空间品质的提升具有重要意义,视听环境可作为一个整体来考虑,进而丰富微观尺度下城市设计的手段和内容。研究关注临车行路的城市特色商业街步行空间,通过实地测量与评价调查相结合的方法,探讨视听环境感知现状并甄别视听因素对声环境舒适的影响。研究发现视感因素中的沿街建筑环境设计因素以及视域空间尺度因素显著影响临街步行空间的声舒适度,交通噪声、活动声和音响声源感知比率以及环境声级对声舒适度具有显著负面影响,并结合声环境功能区限值提出基于声舒适的环境声级理想阈值,相关结论可为城市街道的适宜设计以及声环境管控与优化提供参考。

Noise pollution has always been a persistent problem affecting the continuous improvement of ecological environment protection.A comfortable acoustic environment is of great importance to improve the quality of urban environment and public spaces.Audio and visual environments can be considered as a whole to enrich the methods and diversify the contents of urban design under a micro scale.The study focused on the integrated visual and auditory environment of the pedestrian space of urban commercial streets with vehicular roads,and used field measurements and evaluations to explore the current state of the perceived audio-visual environment and identify the influence factors on acoustic comfort evaluations.The results show that the visual factors of the built environment design and the spatial scale of the visual field significantly affect the acoustic comfort evaluations.The perceived ratio of traffic,activity,and music sound sources,and the ambient sound level have a significant negative impact on the acoustic comfort evaluations.The study further investigated the ambient sound level thresholds in the context of acoustic comfort,and the findings can be used as a reference for the design,control,and optimization of the audio-visual elements of commercial streets with vehicular roads.