城市空间形态对热岛效应的影响研究:方法与进展

Study on the Influence of Urban Morphology on Urban Heat Island:Methods and Progress

在全球变暖的气候背景下,热岛效应愈发加剧城市热风险和人口的脆弱性。由此可见,热岛研究反映城市可持续发展需求,具有重要科学意义。本文关注冠层城市热岛效应,总结并评述城市空间形态对热岛影响的主要研究方法和研究进展,注重探讨相关研究的共识发现和发展趋势。总结来说,实测、数值模拟和数理统计方法都具有更高精度、更高准确度的发展目标,并在使用上呈现多元互补特征。在城市空间形态对热岛的影响研究中,典型空间形态表征指标和空间组合方式对热岛的影响效果已达成基本共识;LCZ方案则是类型归纳研究中最成熟、普及度最高的方法;近年更多讨论关注城市空间形态对辐射收支和能量平衡的影响,将热岛研究推进到机制深度。

In the context of global warming,the urban heat island(UHI)effects pose high environmental risks and cause population vulnerability in cities.Therefore,the study on UHI effects can reflect the demands for sustainable urban development,and is of scientific significance.This paper focused on the Urban Canopy UHI,and summarized the main research methods and process of the influence of urban morphology on UHI,especially the consensus and trending in recent studies.Generally speaking,the methods of measuring,modeling,and diagnostic equations share the same goal of higher resolution and higher accuracy,and show the trend of multi-complementary use.In the study on the influence of urban morphology on UHI,a consensus has been reached on the UHI effects from typical morphological variables and specific spatial combinations.The LCZ scheme is considered as the most mature and popular method in inductive research.There are more recent discussions of the influence of urban morphology on radiation budget and energy balance,promoting the UHI study to further explore its forming mechanism.