考虑装卸设备阶段性均衡使用的散货码头靠泊计划

Berthing plan of bulk cargo terminal considering phased and balanced utilization of loading and unloading equipment

针对散货码头卸船机与皮带机等机械设备不均衡使用带来的高能耗和人力成本问题,考虑卸船机和皮带机作业对船舶靠泊计划的影响,在对散货码头装卸设备周期性均衡机理与建模研究基础上,建立船舶在计划期内总服务成本最小、总卸船机闲置时间最短的混合整数规划模型。使用CPLEX求解模型,给出算例中每艘船的靠泊位置、靠泊时间及作业时长等信息。结果表明,在最小化总成本目标下,船舶在计划周期内与总服务成本相关指标均得到优化;当所有船舶在计划周期内的总卸船机闲置时间一致时,算例中最小化总服务成本使该项减少9.375%;相较单位时段为4 h,单位时段为8 h的卸船机综合资源利用率减少1.67%,说明单位时段长度的变化可引起装卸设备综合资源利用率的变化。

Aiming at the problem of high energy consumption and labor cost caused by the unbalanced use of mechanical equipment such as ship unloaders and belt conveyors at bulk cargo terminals,considering the impact of ship unloaders and belt conveyors on the ship berthing plan,and on the basis of the studying equilibrium mechanism and modeling of the loading and unloading equipment at bulk cargo terminals,a mixed integer programming model was established to minimize the total service cost of ships and the total idle time of ship unloaders in the planning period.Models were solved by CPLEX,and as result,derived information such as the berthing position,berthing time,and operation duration of each ship in the example.The results show that under the goal of minimizing total cost,the indicators related to the total service cost of ships during the planning cycle have been optimized.When the total idle time of ship unloader for all ships during the planning cycle is consistent,the total service cost is reduced by 9.375%by minimizing the total service cost in the example.Compared with 4 h per unit time,the comprehensive resource utilization rate of ship unloaders with a unit time of 8 h decreased by 1.67%,which shows that the change of unit period length can cause the change of comprehensive resource utilization rate of loading and unloading equipment.