抗反射水凝胶蒸发器的制备及其用于污水处理研究

Fabrication of anti-reflective hydrogel evaporator and its application in wastewater treatment

太阳能驱动的界面水蒸发已成为获取淡水资源的有效途径,但是蒸发过程中的热量损失会造成蒸发系统的能量利用效率较低。对水凝胶蒸发器的表面形貌进行合理的微观调控可以有效地提高能量利用率。通过模板法在水凝胶表面构造抗反射结构,提高光吸收;同时,在水凝胶中掺杂适量光催化剂可以使水中的有机污染物原位降解,蒸发后的水中污染物降解率达到了91%,说明污水被有效净化。通过优化光热材料生长时间和光催化剂的掺杂量,水凝胶的蒸发速率达到1.34kg/(m^(2)·h),光热转换效率达到83%。

Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation has become an effective way to obtain freshwater resources.However,the heat loss in the evaporation process can result in the low energy utilization efficiency of the evaporation system.The energy utilization efficiency can be improved effectively by adjusting the surface topography of hydrogel evaporator.Therefore,this work explored the anti-reflection structure on the surface of hydrogel evaporator by template method to improve the light absorption;meanwhile,the organic pollutants in water could be degraded in situ by doping appropriate amount of photocatalyst in hydrogel,and the degradation rate of pollutants in the water after evaporation reached 91%,indicating that the wastewater had been effectively purified.By optimizing the growth time of photothermal materials and the doping amount of photocatalyst,the evaporation rate of hydrogel reached 1.34kg/(m^(2)·h),and the photothermal conversion efficiency reached 83%.