毒蛇咬伤的中毒机制及治疗方法研究进展

Research progress on poisoning mechanism and treatment of snakebite

毒蛇咬伤是一种较为特别的外科损伤急症,蛇毒经过血液和淋巴系统吸收,进而引发神经系统、心血管系统、血液系统及呼吸系统等一系列并发症,具有发病速度快,病死率高的特点,如未得到及时有效治疗,会严重危害伤者生命,毒蛇咬伤问题已经成为全球不容忽视的公共卫生问题.因此,许多学者对毒蛇咬伤的治疗方面开展了大量的研究,在运用抗蛇毒血清等西医治疗方法的基础上,加用中医药辅助治疗,使临床疗效显著提高.现对近年来毒蛇咬伤的中毒机制及治疗方法进行总结,以期为日后毒蛇咬伤的临床治疗和相关实验研究提供参考.

I Snake bite is a special surgical injury.Snake venom is absorbed through the blood and lymphatic system,and then causes a series of complications of the nervous system,cardiovascular system,blood system and respiratory system.It has the characteristics of rapid onset and high mortality,if not treated promptly and effectively.it can seriously endanger the life of the injured person.Snakebite envenomation has become a global public health problem that cannot be ignored.Therefore,many scholars have carried out a large number of studies on the treatment of venomous snake bites.On the basis of Western medicine treatment such as antivenom,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used to significantly improve the clinical efficacy.This paper summarizes the research on the poisoning mechanism and treatment of snakebite in recent years,in order to provide reference for the clinical treatment and related experimental research of snakebite in the future.