我国技术创新能力与效率协调性研究

Research on the Coordination between Technological Innovation Capability and Efficiency in China

创新是一个民族进步的灵魂,是决定经济增长的重要因素。研究构建技术创新能力与效率指标体系,选取我国2011—2020年30个省份,运用熵值法、技术创新协调性指数等模型,测算技术创新能力、效率及其两者之间的协调性。研究表明:①我国技术创新能力呈现出梯度变化特征,即东部地区的技术创新能力最强,中部地区次之,西部地区最弱,其中,江苏处于领先地位,而青海处于未尾;我国技术创新效率整体上呈上升态势,呈现出东高中低的趋势。②我国技术创新水平整体上呈现上升态势,由2011年的0.412974上升到2020年的0.534620,呈现东高西低的趋势。③我国技术创新能力与效率协调性指数为0.329057,其协调性整体上呈下降态势,由2011年的0.343070下降到2020年的0.328185,呈现东部地区协同度较高、西部地区较低,即由东向西梯度递减的空间分布格局,其最高水平为江苏,最低是吉林。结果表明:我国技术创新能力与效率的协调性表现出明显的时间异质性和空间聚集性,并在空间上伴有一定规律性。

Innovation is the soul of a nation’s progress and an important factor in determining economic growth.In this paper,a technological innovation capability and efficiency index system was constructed,and 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 were selected to measure the technological innovation ability,efficiency and coordination between the two by using models such as entropy method and technological innovation coordination index.The research shows that:China’s technological innovation capability shows the characteristics of gradient change,that is,the technological innovation capability in the eastern region is the strongest,followed by the central region,and the western region is the weakest,of which Jiangsu and Qinghai are in the leading position and at the end respectively.The efficiency of technological innovation in China is rising on the whole,showing a trend of low in the east,high in the east.The level of technological innovation in China shows an upward trend,from 0.412974 in 2011 to 0.534620 in 2020,showing a trend of high in the east and low in the west.The coordination index between technological innovation capability and efficiency is 0.329057,and its coordination is declining as a whole,from 0.343070 in 2011 to 0.328185 in 2020,showing a high degree of coordination in the eastern region and a low degree of coordination in the western region,that is,a spatial distribution pattern of decreasing gradient from east to west,with the highest level in Jiangsu and the lowest in Jilin.The result shows that the coordination between technological innovation capability and efficiency in China shows obvious temporal heterogeneity and spatial aggregation,and has a certain regularity in space.