中国低碳技术专利的时空格局及影响因素——基于中国284个地级及以上城市数据的实证分析

Spatial-temporal Pattern and Influencing Factors of Low-Carbon Technology Patents in China——An Empirical Analysis Based on Data of 284 Cities at Prefecture Level and Above in China

探究低碳技术专利的发展与创新,科学辨识影响低碳技术空间格局变化的驱动因子,对我国低碳技术空间合理分布具有重要的现实意义。以中国284个地级及以上城市为研究对象,基于2006—2020年有关低碳技术专利授权数据,运用标准差椭圆、探索性空间数据和地理探测器等方法对中国低碳技术的时空格局及影响因素进行分析,结果表明:中国城市低碳技术专利增长迅速,东部地区低碳技术创新产出水平一直保持领先水平;中国低碳技术空间分布布局呈“东北-西南”方向且收缩态势明显,京津冀、长三角和珠三角城市群为主要核心区,成渝城市群发展迅速,北京低碳技术创新水平最高;中国城市低碳技术空间自相关性逐渐增强,具有显著的空间依赖性,天津、上海、杭州、广州和深圳始终处于H-H聚类区,创新溢出效果明显。技术基础设施建设是中国城市低碳技术空间变化的主导因子,政府财政资金和创新企业数量是主要驱动力,市场资金流动、产业结构和经济发展水平具有一定的驱动作用,环境规制因子驱动作用最小。

It is of great practical significance to explore the development and innovation of low carbon technology patents,and identify the driving factors that affect the spatial pattern changes of low carbon technology.Based on the data of low-carbon technology patent authorization from 2006 to 2020 in 284 cities at prefecture-level and above in China,the spatio-temporal pattern and influencing factors of low-carbon technology in China were analyzed by using standard deviation ellipse,exploratory spatial data and geo detector.The results indicate that:Low-carbon technology patents in Chinese cities are growing rapidly,the output level of low-carbon technology innovation in the eastern region has always been at a leading level.The spatial distribution of low-carbon technologies in China shows a trend of“northeast-to-southwest”and the trend of contraction is obvious.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations are the main core areas.The Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration is developing rapidly,and Beijing has the highest level of low-carbon technology innovation.The spatial autocorrelation of low-carbon technologies in Chinese cities is gradually enhanced,showing a significant spatial dependence.Tianjin,Shanghai,Hangzhou,Guangzhou and Shenzhen are always in the H-H cluster area,and the innovation spillover effect is obvious.Technology infrastructure construction is the leading factor of urban low-carbon technology spatial change in China.Government financial funds and the number of innovative enterprises are the main driving forces.Market capital flow,industrial structure and economic development level play a driving role to a certain extent,and environmental regulatory factors play the least driving role.