健康教育对孕早期妇女产后盆底功能障碍性疾病认知行为的干预效果

The Cognitive Behavior of First Trimester Woman for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and the Effect of Health Education

目的:调查健康教育对社区孕早期妇女产后盆底功能障碍性疾病认知行为的干预效果,为社区盆底功能康复训练工作的有效开展提供依据。方法:采用方便抽样法,选取2020年7—12月在上海市浦东新区金杨社区卫生服务中心办理上海市孕产妇健康手册的孕早期妇女为调查对象,于健康教育干预前后,采用简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、家庭支持量表(PSS-Fa)、盆底功能障碍认知行为问卷对其进行问卷调查。结果:干预后孕早期妇女积极应对评分、消极应对评分、家庭支持评分均明显提高,与干预前相比,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为16.281、12.164和21.064,P值均<0.01)。干预前仅有55.01%的孕早期妇女对盆底功能障碍性疾病存在较好的认知行为,干预后62.47%的孕早期妇女存在较好的认知行为,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.460,P<0.05)。干预后孕早期妇女对盆底功能障碍性疾病的认知评分、行为评分均明显提高,与干预前相比,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为12.166和9.857,P值均<0.01)。结论:健康教育可提高孕早期妇女对产后盆底功能障碍性疾病的认知行为,使孕早期妇女获得家庭支持,积极应对盆底功能障碍性疾病,改善生活质量。

OBJECTIVE To explore the cognitive behavior of first trimester woman for pelvic floor dysfunction and the effect of health education.METHODS Using the convenience sampling method,Selected the early pregnancy women who attended the Shang⁃hai Jinyang Community Health Service Center from July to December in 2020,before and after the health education intervention,the simple coping style questionnaire(SCSQ),the family support scale(PSS-Fa),and the cognitive behavior questionnaire of pelvic floor dysfunction were used.RESULTS The positive response score,negative response score and family support score in the early pregnan⁃cy period were significantly improved,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the intervention(t=16.281,12.164,21.064,P<0.01).Before intervention,only 55.01%of women in early pregnancy had good cognitive behavior for pelvic floor dysfunction diseases,and 62.47%of women in early pregnancy had better cognitive behavior after intervention,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.460,P<0.05).After the intervention,the cognitive score and behavioral score of pelvic floor dysfunction were significantly improved,and the differences were statistically significant(t=12.166,9.857,P<0.01).CONCLUSION The health education can improve the cognitive behavior of first trimester woman for pelvic floor dysfunction,positive respond to the disease and improve the quality of life.