开放街区城市形态与空间品质提升研究

Urban Form and the Space Quality Improvement of Open Blocks

近年来,人民基于对美好生活的向往,对城市街区质量和空间品质提出更高的要求。但是,大量城市老区发展空间受限,已建成区的建筑、道路、社区及设施老旧,引发空间品质降低、人群满意度降低等问题。目前,开放街区的网红商业化是老旧小区改造、提升街区空间品质的常见实例,自此形成的“网红街区”成为新时代生活与消费方式转变下“自下而上”城市微更新的典范。因此,分析城市开放街区城市形态与空间品质对城乡建设管理和城市规划设计具有重要意义。以广州“网红街区”为例,采用POI、OSM开源地图等多源数据,结合调研访谈,从街区、街道和建筑3个尺度着手,基于意象性、围合度、人尺度、透明度和丰富度5个维度评价街区空间品质,为城市老旧小区改造、开放街区品质提升提出机制性建议和规划设计策略。

The principal contradiction indicates that people's living and consumption patterns have changed.The development of urban space has been restricted in the past ten years.Many buildings,roads,communities,and facilities in the built-up area have caused the deterioration of space quality and the decline in population satisfaction.At present,the commercialization of open blocks characterized by the Internet celebrity is a typical example of the transformation of old residential areas and improving the spatial quality of streets and neighborhood blocks.The"Internet celebrity block"has emerged and formed since the urban micro-renewal began in the old neighborhoods and has become a model of the"bottom-up"approach towards the change of living and consumption patterns in the new era.Therefore,the urban form and spatial quality of urban open blocks are exceptionally significant to urban and rural construction management and urban planning and design.This article takes Internet celebrity blocks in Guangzhou as an example,using multi-source data,such as the POIs and OSM data,combined with interviews and site surveys,which analyze three dimensions:blocks,streets,and streets and buildings.From the perspectives of imagery,enclosure,scale,transparency,and richness,this study evaluates neighborhood blocks'space quality,making institutional recommendations for old neighborhoods'transformation and open blocks'space quality improvement,and provides insights into planning and design strategies.